Abstract: Deep learning is a machine learning technology that uses neural networks to analyze the inherent features and expression levels of sample data and learn data representations with multiple levels of abstraction.This paper summarizes the research progress of deep learning technology in the fields of fruit identification,crop disease identification,crop pest identification,field weed identification,target crop positioning and other crop detection and identification fields in recent years,and analyzes the existing deep learning technology,environment,cost and application issues,and put forward the development trend of algorithm optimization,application multi-dimensionality,processing efficiency and computing power improvement.