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外源锌结合有机肥对白术生长及土壤养分的影响

Effects of Exogenous Zinc and Organic Fertilizer on Atractylodes macrocephala Growth and Soil Nutrients

  • 摘要: 以白术为试材,开展大田试验,研究了喷施外源锌和有机肥替代部分化肥对白术生长及土壤养分的影响,以期为白术科学施用肥锌肥及有机肥提供参考依据。结果表明:常规施肥组50Zn、100Zn和150Zn处理下白术锌含量和土壤速效磷含量较CK显著提高了9.23%~22.84%、15.64%~30.90%;100Zn和150Zn处理下土壤碱解氮含量相比CK显著提高27.6%、22.8%。有机肥组OM+100Zn和OM+150Zn处理下白术叶面积和叶周长均显著高于CK;OM+150Zn处理下叶片干质量较CK提高了16.67%;OM+100Zn处理下叶绿素相对含量显著高于其它处理;OM+150Zn处理下白术锌含量和速效钾含量显著高于其它处理,相比CK分别提高了38.30%、18.54%。与CK相比,有机肥组土壤碱解氮含量显著增加了18.01%~25.64%。与常规施肥组相比,有机肥组白术株高、产量、有机质和速效磷含量分别提高了8.86%~12.08%、27.24%~32.84%、16.80%~26.27%、8.19%~39.14%。综上所述,锌肥结合有机肥施用对白术生长的促进效果整体要优于单施锌肥,其中OM+150Zn促进效果最好,OM+100Zn次之。有机肥替代部分化肥可以活化土壤养分,并在一定程度上提高白术对锌肥的吸收效率。

     

    Abstract: Taking Atractylodes macrocephala as test material, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of applying organic manure combined with foliar zinc on A.macrocephala growth and soil nutrients, in order to provide reference for scientific application of organic manure and zinc on A.macrocephala.The results showed that the zinc content and soil available phosphorus content of A.macrocephala treated with 50Zn, 100Zn, and 150Zn were significantly higher than those of CK,with an increase of 9.23%-22.84% and 15.64%-30.90%,respectively.The content of soil alkaline nitrogen in 100Zn and 150Zn treatments was significantly increased by 27.6% and 22.8%,respectively, compared with the CK.The leaf area and leaf circumference of A.macrocephala treated with OM+100Zn and OM+150Zn treatments were significantly higher than those of CK.Compared with CK,the OM+150Zn treatment increased the leaf dry weight by 16.67%.The SPAD in OM+100Zn treatment was significantly higher than that in other treatments.In OM+150Zn treatment, the zinc content and available potassium content were significantly higher than those in other treatments, and were increased by 38.30% and 18.54%,respectively, compared with CK.In addition, the content of soil alkaline nitrogen in organic fertilizer group was significantly increased by 18.01%-25.64%,compared with CK.The plant height, yield, organic matter, and available phosphorus content of A.macrocephala in the organic fertilizer group were increased by 8.86%-12.08%,27.24%-32.84%,16.80%-26.27%,and 8.19%-39.14%,respectively, compared with the conventional fertilizer group.In conclusion, the beneficial effects of applying organic manure combined with foliar zinc on the growth of A.macrocephala were better than that of zinc fertilizer alone, and OM+150Zn treatment showed the best effect, while OM+100Zn treatment took the second place.Moreover, mineral fertilizers partially substituted with organic manure could activate partial soil nutrients and improve the absorption efficiency of zinc fertilizer.

     

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