Abstract: Taking wild and cultivated Bupleurum chinense DC.in Chengde area as the test materials, the contents of saikosaponin a and saikosaponin d in Bupleurum chinense DC.root were determined by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）.The correlation between rhizosphere soil factors in Bupleurum chinense DC.and saikosaponin content and root color of Bupleurum chinense DC.were analyzed, and the main soil factors affecting the quality of Bupleurum chinense DC.were screened by stepwise regression analysis, in order to provide reference for wild Bupleurum chinense transplanting, domestication screening and breeding.The results showed that the content of saikosaponin in transplanted wild was higher than that in wild Bupleurum chinense DC..There was a extremely significant negative correlation between saikosaponin a content and salt content（P＜0.05）.There was a significant positive correlation between saikosaponin d content and total phosphorus content（P＜0.01）.There was a significant positive correlation between saikosaponin a+d content and total phosphorus content（P＜0.05）.The root color was significantly negatively correlated with iron content, ammonium nitrogen content and pH（P＜0.05）.There was a significant positive correlation between root color and total phosphorus, soil type, total nitrogen and organic matter content（P＜0.05）.The root color was positively correlated with the content of saikosaponin d and saikosaponin a+d（P＜0.05）.At the same time, there was also a certain correlation between rhizosphere soil factors and soil types.Through stepwise regression analysis, total phosphorus content could explain 32.4% of saikosaponin d content information, salt content could explain 19.8% of saikosaponin a content information, and pH and soil types could explain 60.6% of Bupleurum chinense root color information.Bupleurum chinense DC.had both adaptability and selectivity to the abundance and deficiency of rhizosphere soil factors.Soil pH and soil type were the main factors affecting the root color of Bupleurum chinense DC.;the enrichment of total phosphorus and salt in soil promoted the accumulation of saikosaponin a and saikosaponin d.