Abstract: Based on Carya illinoensis of six different varieties（‘Mahan’‘Boni’‘Shawne’‘Jinhua’‘Kado’ and ‘Wichita’） in western Jiangxi as experimental materials, according to the approach by field observation, the flowering characteristics of different varieties were studied and the appropriate variety configuration combination was obtained, which the scientific reference for the development of Carya illinoensis industry in Jiangxi was provided.The results showed that, 1) the male flowering period of six varieties was 12-30 days and the full flowering period was 4-7 days.The flowering period of female flower was 8-17 days and the full flowering period was 3-7 days.The pollination period of male flowers was 4-6 days, and the best receptive period of female flowers was 2-7 days.2) ‘Jinhua’ had the longest male flowering period of 19-30 days.The shortest flowering period of ‘Shawnee’ was 15-16 days.‘Jinhua’‘Mahan’ and ‘Caddo’ had a longer full flowering period, which lasted for 6-7 days.‘Shawnee’ and ‘Pawnee’ had shorter full flowering period, which lasted for 4-5 days.The female florescence of ‘Mahan’ and ‘Pawnee’ was the longest, with 14-17 days.‘Shawnee’ had the shortest flowering period of 8-9 days.The florescence of ‘Pawnee’‘Jinhua’ and ‘Mahan’ was 5-7 days.The florescence of ‘Shawnee’ and ‘Caddo’ was only 2-3 days.3) The ratio of male to female flowers of different varieties was significantly different, ‘Wichita’ and ‘Pawnee’ had the largest ratio, about 1∶5.81 and 1∶6.46.4) The suitable pollination combinations were obtained by observing the encounter of male flowers and female flowers in the pollination period of five varieties, ‘Pawnee’בMahan’,‘Pawnee’בShawnee’,‘Pawnee’בWichita’,‘Mahan’בCaddo’,‘Mahan’בPawnee’;‘Mahan’,‘Shawnee’ and ‘Wichita’ could be used as supplementary pollination varieties of ‘Jinhua’.