Abstract: Taking pakchoi as experimental material, the effect of different gangue particle size（＜0.075 mm, 0.075-2 mm, 2-5 mm） and different gangue ratios（1∶3,1∶1,3∶1） on the soil physicochemical characteristics and sprouting of pakchoi were studied by using pot experiment, in order to provide reference for coal gangue resource utilization.The results showed that gangue size, gangue ratio and the interaction of the two factors had a significant effect on the soil physicochemical characteristics and sprouting of pakchoi, the degree of influence was gangue size＞gangue ratio; when the gangue ratio was certain, with the increase of gangue particle size, the soil bulk density and aeration porosity increased, water-holding porosity and total porosity then decreased, when the gangue particle size was certain, with the increase of gangue ratio, the total porosity and water-holding porosity decreased, the conductivity of each treatment were significantly higher than the control, while pH was significantly lower than the control; different gangue particle size range, gangue ratio on the sprouting of pakchoi inconsistent, the same gangue ratio, the smaller the particle size, the higher the seedling rate and survival rate of pakchoi.The final selection of the closest mixed cultivation substrate ratio to the control was gangue ratio 1∶1 + gangue particle ＜0.075 mm by the comprehensive evaluation of the sprouting of pakchoi under different treatment combinations by the affiliation function method.