Abstract: Taking ‘Qiuyue’ pear as test material, before fruit harvest, canopy ground mulching, non mulching（control） and irrigation were used to control soil moisture and adjust the water demand for later fruit development.The growth and development, quality of fruits in different treatment periods were tested and analyzed to explore the effect of pear water management on fruit quality, in order to provide reference basis for improving pear fruit quality.The results showed that the soluble solids content of pear fruit with film mulching was significantly higher than that of control and water irrigation.The contents of fructose, sucrose and sorbitol in pear fruit increased, but the glucose content did not change significantly.In addition, the activity of sorbitol synthase（S6 PDH） was increased, but the activity of sorbitol oxidase（SOX） was reduced under the condition of film mulching.The expression of sorbitol transporter gene（SOT2） in leaves and fruit was analyzed.The expression of SOT2 in leaves was up-regulated, but there was no significant difference between different treatments.The expression of SOT2 in fruit was down-regulated, and the expression of SOT2 in mulching treatment was lower than that in control and irrigation treatment.The above results indicated that soil water regulation before harvest could affect the accumulation and transformation of sugar in pear fruit, which was an effective technical measure to increase sugar content in fruit.However, further research is needed in the water control period and water quantity control.