Abstract: Taking two Guizhou local pepper genotype ‘Mantianxing Pod Pepper’ and ‘Huangping Line Pepper’ as experimental materials, a pot experiments method were carried cut.Three nitrogen fertilization modes were set under the same total nitrogen application conditions, 100% base fertilizer（N1）,50% base fertilizer+50% flowering fertilizer（N2）,and no nitrogen fertilizer treatment as control（CK）.The effects of postponing nitrogen application on yield and capsaicin content of pepper in different genotypes were studied, in order to provide reference for increasing yield and improving nitrogen use efficiency of pepper.The results showed that, the yield of ‘Mantianxing Pod Pepper’ and ‘Huangping Line Pepper’ under N2 treatment was significantly higher than that under N1 treatment, which increased by 11.47% and 19.90%（P＜0.05）,respectively, among which, the yield of ‘Huangping Line Pepper’ increased more.Under N2 treatment, the transverse diameter, longitudinal diameter and fresh weight of single fruit were significantly increased by 10.67%,25.89%,8.29% and 30.15%,23.58%,37.10%（P＜0.05） compared with N1 treatment, and the increasing range of fresh weight of single fruit was higher in ‘Huangping Line Pepper’ than in ‘Mantianxing Pod Pepper’.Compared with N1 treatment, N2 treatment increased the content of capsaicin in ‘Mantianxing Pod Pepper’ and ‘Huangping Line Pepper’ fruit, and the increasing in ‘Mantianxing Pod Pepper’ was even greater.Meanwhile, the content of vitamin C was significantly increased（P＜0.05）.In conclusion, postponing nitrogen application was more beneficial to increase pepper yield and fruit capsaicin content than traditional one-time base application.In yield addition, the increase of ‘Huangping Line Pepper’ was greater than that of ‘Mantianxing Pod Pepper’,and the increase of capsaicin content was opposite.