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熊蜂授粉对北方冬季温室不同品种番茄品质的影响

Effects of Bumblebee Pollination on Fruit Quality of Different Varieties of Tomato in Winter Greenhouse of Northern China

  • 摘要: 以硬果型番茄、口感型番茄和樱桃番茄为试材,采用熊蜂授粉和激素蘸花的方法,研究了2种处理方式对北方冬季温室3种番茄坐果率和果实品质的影响,以期为熊蜂授粉的应用提供参考依据。结果表明:与激素蘸花相比,熊蜂授粉的3种番茄坐果率分别升高9.2%、8.5%和6.2%,畸形果率分别降低58.6%、41.3%和44.9%,种子数量分别增加118.6%、158.3%和93.2%,番茄红素、维生素C和可溶性糖含量显著升高(P<0.05),口感评分值均显著提高(P<0.05)。因此,采用熊蜂授粉技术能够显著提高北方冬季温室番茄的坐果率和果实品质。熊蜂授粉技术在北方冬季温室番茄生产中值得大力推广应用。

     

    Abstract: The hard fruit tomato, taste tomato and cherry tomato were used as test materials.The effects of bumblebee pollination and hormone dipping on fruit setting rate and quality of tomato in winter greenhouse were compared,in order to provide reference for bumblebee pollination application.The results showed that compared to hormone dipping, the fruit setting rate of bumblebee pollinated tomatoes were significantly increased by 9.2%,8.5% and 6.2%.The malformed fruit rate of three kinds of tomato were significantly decreased by 58.6%,41.3% and 44.9%.The seed amount of single fruit of three kinds of tomato were significantly increased by 118.6%,158.3% and 93.2%.In addition, the content of lycopene, vitamin C,soluble sugar and the taste score of tomato pollinated by bumblebee were also significantly increased(P<0.05).Hence, using bumblebee pollination technology could significantly improve the fruit setting rate and fruit quality of tomato in winter greenhouse in northern China.Bumblebee pollination technology should be widely applied in tomato production in winter greenhouse in northern China.

     

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