Abstract: As one of China′s important woody oil industries, walnut plays an important role in ecological protection, promoting economic development in poverty-stricken areas, and realizing China′s rural revitalization strategy.Scientific evaluation of the competitiveness of the walnut industry in China′s provinces（municipalities, autonomous regions） is of great significance for identifying the disadvantages of regional walnut development, consolidating competitive advantages, and rationally formulating future development strategies for the industry.Based on the static statistical yearbook data of walnut production and consumption, the walnut industry competitiveness of 18 major walnutgrowing provinces,municipalities,autonomous regions in China was comprehensively evaluated from four aspects of basic competitiveness,production competitiveness,market competitiveness and technical competitiveness by using entropy method and factor analysis method.The results showed that the walnut industry was the most competitive in the regions represented by Yunnan,Xinjiang,Sichuan,Beijing,and Shandong.It should give full play to its resource advantages,accelerate technological innovation,and increase the degree of local walnut industrialization.Regions represented by Zhejiang,Henan,Shanxi,Shaanxi,and Hebei had relatively strong competitiveness in the walnut industry.Based on the scale of the industry,they should focus on the development of the secondary industry and promote the transformation and upgrading of the walnut industry.The regions represented by Chongqing,Anhui,Hunan,Hubei,Gansu,Guizhou,Jilin and Tibet had the weakest competitiveness of the walnut industry.The development potential of the walnut industry should be further utilized to win with high-quality products.