Abstract: ‘Xintai Dense Thorn’ cucumber was selected as the test material, the vermiculite produced in Xinjiang was used as the main substrate raw material, and then different volumes of waste slag and mushroom slag were added for the substrate compounding, and the pure vermiculite substrate was used as the control（CK）,the cucumber cultivation experiment was carried out in the cultivation trough of the solar greenhouse, and the effects of different substrates mainly made of vermiculite on the growth, yield and fruit quality of cucumber in the solar greenhouse were studied, in order to provide reference for the utilization of vermiculite resources in agricultural production and cucumber substrate cultivation in Alar reclamation area.The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate of T2（vermiculite∶slag∶slag=2∶1∶1） and T4（vermiculite∶slag∶slag=3∶1∶1） was higher than that of CK,early yield of T4 was higher than that of CK by 46%,the total yield of T2 and T4 was higher by 21% and 31% than that of CK,respectively, and the comprehensive evaluation value of fruit nutritional quality of T2 and T4 was higher than that of CK.To sum up, T2 and T4 could be used for cucumber cultivation, and T2 was suitable for high-quality cultivation, and T4 was suitable for high-yield cultivation.