Abstract: Monitoring changes in grassland resources is beneficial for protecting grassland resources and ecological environment.Based on GIS technology and remote sensing data, the land use data and changes in vegetation cover in Wuchuan County from 2000 to 2020 were monitored in this study.At the same time, the level of vegetation growth in the study area was evaluated based on the net primary productivity of vegetation, in order to capture the changes in the ecological environment of grassland resources in the study area.The results showed that the main land types in Wuchuan County from 2000 to 2020 were grassland and farmland, accounting for 64.50%-74.76% and 20.86%-31.61% of the total area of the study area, respectively; the average vegetation cover in Wuchuan County was increasing year by year.From 2000 to 2020,medium, more and higher vegetation cover in Wuchuan County increased by 4.23,6.20 and 5.37 times, respectively, whereas lower and lesser vegetation cover decreased by 15.34 and 2.89 times, respectively.Vegetation cover was significantly higher in eastern Wuchuan County than in western areas, and vegetation growth was better along the southern edge.The average annual vegetation NPP was 176.10-290.93 Cg·m^-2 in Wuchuan County, showed an overall trend of first decreasing and then increasing.The vegetation NPP in the eastern region was significantly better than that in the western region.In general, the grassland resources of Wuchuan County in 2020 had significantly improved, but it is still need to focus on the protection of the ecological environment, vigorously develop tourism with ethnic characteristics, and improve the ecological environment problems in Wuchuan County.