Abstract: Taking Yunnan chengjiang blueberry producing blueberry fruit as test materials, anthocyanin was extracted by formic acid methanol solution, using high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） and the qualitative measurement of blueberry fruit in a comparative study on the composition and relative content of anthocyanins, in order to explore the Yunnan′s main components and characteristics of blueberry fruit anthocyanins.The results showed that the six varieties of blueberry fruit detected 10 kinds of anthocyanins.‘Biloxi’ had the highest total anthocyanin content, nearly 27 times that of the lowest variety ‘Sharp Blue’.In addition, the relative contents of paeoniflorin（3-O-glucoside） in the three cultivars of ‘Reveille’‘Brilliant’ and ‘Misty’ were the highest, 23.62%,29.85% and 20.76% respectively, and the relative contents were all higher than 20%.The relative contents of paeoniflorin 3-O-glucoside and delphinidin 3-O-galactoside in ‘Biloxi’‘Emerald’ and ‘Ragsey’ were also relatively high, among which the relative contents of paeoniflorin 3-O-glucoside were 16.25%,12.26% and 10.61%,respectively, and the relative contents of delphinidin 3-O-galactoside were 20.3%,10.52% and 16.89%,respectively, which were all higher than 10%.The relative content of delphin-3-O-galactoside in the fruits of the six blueberry varieties was above 10%.The results showed that there were abundant anthocyanin resources in six varieties of blueberry planted in Yunnan.