Abstract: Taking stable fertilizers and chili peppers as test materials.A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different application rates of stable fertilizer on yield, quality, nutrient accumulation, fertilizer utilization rate and economic benefit of pepper, in order to provide a reference for the scientific application and promotion of stable fertilizer in pepper cultivation in yellow soil area of Guizhou.The results showed that compared with the conventional fertilization（FP） treatment, the application of stable fertilizer increased the yield of pepper, in which the yield of fresh pepper increased by 25.41%-29.10%,the yield of dry pepper increased by 2.52%-11.65%.The application of stable fertilizer reduced the nitrate content in pepper fruits by 1.21%-12.60%,and increased reducing sugar and free amino acid content by 7.10%-15.31% and 0.53%-4.09%,respectively, while vitamin C content in SF2 treatment increased by 4.13% compared to FP treatment.Compared with the FP treatment, the application of stable fertilizer improved the agronomic efficiency of fertilizer, and increased the recovery efficiency of N,P,and K by 13.42-22.75,6.99-11.77 and 13.71-30.79 percentage points, respectively, with the SF2 treatment being the highest.In addition, the net income of pepper after stable fertilizer application increased by 17.18%-33.03%.In conclusion, stable fertilizer can increase yield, quality and income of pepper in Guizhou Province.SF2(1 500 kg·hm^-2) was recommended as the best fertilizer for pepper planting in yellow soil area of Guizhou Province.