Abstract: Based on an investigation into the Tetraena mongolica communities distributed in Western Ordos Inner Mongolia, its community characteristics, the flowering and fruiting characteristics of the populations were analyzed by using statistical methods, in order to provide reference for exploring the mechanism of population regeneration and endangerment, as well as protecting and utilizing of T.mongolica resources.The results showed that the population structure was closely related to the habitat conditions.The habitat of population A was significantly better than that of population B and population C.The young plants of population A accounted for 27.33%.The reserve force of natural regeneration was sufficient.Population B and population C were lack of young plants, can′t regeneration naturally and belong to declining population.The severe habitat condition is one of the main factors limiting the regeneration of T.mongolica.The average number of flowering and fruiting per shrub was 842 and 388.The number of flowering and fruiting varied in a ‘peak’ curve with the increase of crown size.The peak period of flowering and fruiting occurred at crown size 10 and 11,and the average flower-fruit transformation rate was 34.48%.The seed bearing percentage of T.mongolica was low, only 0.87%-2.87%,which might be related to its high embryo abortion rate.