Abstract: Taking lettuce as the test material, the seedling method of hole disc matix was used, the effects of different mushroom residue mixed with vermiculite matrix on physiological and biochemical indexes of lettuce seedlings were studied,in order to provide reference basis for the selection of alternative substrate for leafy vegetable seedling raising.The results showed that the substrate ratio of mushroom residue∶vermiculite∶perlite=2∶2∶1 was the best among other treatments.It had obvious effect on promoting the growth and quality of lettuce seedlings and could partly replace peat substrate as seedling substrate of lettuce.