Abstract: The wild Rhododendron（Ericaceae） resource were used as the test materials on Mount Luoji in Sichuan Province, China.In order to better protect and utilize the wild Rhododendron resources, the species and distribution of the wild Rhododendron resource were studied based on the field survey.The results showed that, 1) Rich species of resources.45 species of wild Rhododendron were identified in the Mount Luoji area, which were classified into four subgenera（Hymenanthes,Rhododendron,Pseudorhodorastrum,and Tsutsusi）,with species in the subgenera Hymenanthes and Rhododendron being the predominant taxa.Moreover, 11 species of Rhododendron were collected which previously had not been reported.2) Species which were collected with morphologies differing from those of the type specimens.We identified 33 species for which the specimens differed from the type specimens in terms of qualitative and/or quantitative characters, and supplement morphology characters of 39 species Rhododendron which incompletely characters of type specimens.3) The Rhododendron showed clear patterns of vertical and block distribution between elevations of 1 600 m and 3 980 m on Mount Luoji.Therefore, the suggestion about enhancing the wild Rhododendron plant resource protection and develop, on Mount Luoji.