Abstract: Taking three-year-old Elaeagnus angustifolia L.as the research material, according to the growth difference of Elaeagnus angustifolia L.,it was divided into three grades from best to bad, Y1,Y2 and Y3,the soil improvement effect of different growth of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. were studied, in order to provide reference for the promotion and application of Elaeagnus angustifolia L..The results showed that Elaeagnus angustifolia L. could effectively reduce the soil pH value, and Y1 had the most significant effect on the reduction of pH value.The pH value in September was 6.8% lower than that in July.The contents of mineral elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron and zinc in the three growing Elaeagnus angustifolia L.soils were significantly higher than those in CK,and the contents of each element were Y1＞Y2＞Y3.The activities of soil sucrase and urease were increased by Elaeagnus angustifolia L.with different growth potential.The soil enzyme activities were Y1＞Y2＞Y3＞CK.In the improved microbial community, the number of bacteria in Y1 was significantly higher than that of CK,Y2 and Y3,and the number of fungi was significantly lower than that of CK,Y2 and Y3.In conclusion, Elaeagnus angustifolia L. could effectively improve the soil quality of saline alkali land, improve soil enzyme activity and improve soil microbial community.The better the growth of Elaeagnus angustifolia L.,the better the improvement effect of saline alkali land.