Abstract: Taking Pinellia ternata artificial seed seedlings, tissue culture seedlings and real seedlings as the test materials, ISSR molecular marker method was used to study the genetic diversity of different reproduction methods in Pinellia ternata,in order to provide reference for promoting Pinellia ternata large-scale production.The results showed that 8 ISSR primers with good polymorphisms were screened from 18 primers, and a total of 109 bands were amplified, with a polymorphism percentage of 75%.Nei′s gene diversity ranged from 0.097 6 to 0.748 0,and the sizes were arranged in order for artificial seeds＞field＞tissue culture.The Shannon diversity index ranged from 0.108 1 to 0.348 2,and the size was sorted as field＞tissue culture＞artificial seeds.There was a genetic differentiation of 38.03% between the three reproductive methods.The analysis of the genetic distance between different reproductive methods showed that the kinship between tissue culture and field Pirellia terrate was closer than that of artificial seeds and field Pirellia terrate.Cluster analysis showed that artificial seeds and tissue culture were clustered into one category.Analysis of the genetic diversity of different leaf types in the field residential group, among which peony leaf type Pinellia ternata and peach leaf type Pinellia ternata were the closest relatives, five-leaf Pinellia ternata genetic differentiation was the strongest.Therefore, the genetic diversity of artificial seeds in Pinellia ternata was richer than that of tissue culture and field Pinellia ternata,and the Pinellia ternata artificial seed was more suitable for actual production in the field than the tissue culture seedlings.