Abstract: Using super-efficiency DEA model and Malmquist index, the agricultural production efficiency of the Northeast China from 2003 to 2018 based on input orientation and output orientation respectively were analyzed.The results showed that based on the input orientation, Jilin Province and Liaoning Province achieved DEA efficiency and had a high resource utilization rate, while Heilongjiang Province didn′t achieve DEA efficiency, and there was room for improvement in the utilization of agricultural resources.Based on output orientation, the Northeast China all realized effective DEA and paid attention to maximize the production of agricultural resources.At the same time, the average annual growth rate of total factor productivity in Northeast China was 3.8%,among which the technological progress index was higher, indicating that the improvement of agricultural total factor productivity was mainly due to the progress of agricultural technology.