Abstract: Crop fungal diseases were common and serious, which was one of the main limiting factors to the high quality development of modern agriculture.RNA interference（RNAi） was a mechanism of homologous mRNA degradation mediated by double-stranded RNA（dsRNA） and silencing the expression of related genes in eukaryotes.In recent years, using RNA interference technology to prevent and control crop fungal diseases has become a research hotspot, and has been successfully applied to agricultural production, showing a good application prospect.In this study, the current situation of crop fungal disease control, the principle of RNA interference technology, the mechanism of fungal disease control and its research progress in crop fungal disease control, the existing problems and application prospects of RNA interference-based biotechnology were reviewed, in order to provide reference for the extensive application of RNA interference technology in crop fungal disease control.