Abstract: Edible fungi, collectively known as mushrooms, are large fungi that can be eaten by fruiting bodies.It is an important characteristic cash crop, rich in protein, polysaccharides, vitamins, dietary fiber and other nutrients, and has high edible and medicinal value.Stress is an important factor affecting the growth, yield and quality of edible fungi.Therefore the molecular mechanism of edible fungi responding to stress has received more and more attention.Transcriptome, as an important part of functional genomics, contributes to study gene transcription and regulation in cells at the overall level.Using this technology to study the gene expression of edible fungi under stress is conducive to clarifying the molecular response mechanism of edible fungi under stress.In this study, progress in the application of transcriptome technology to study the response of edible fungi to biological and abiotic stresses（temperature, light, heavy metals, saline, etc.）,in order to provide reference for the study of molecular mechanism of stress resistance of edible fungi.