Abstract: China boasts a rich history of cultivating edible mushrooms and holds the title of the world′s largest producer,consumer,and exporter of such edible fungi.The edible fungi industry has emerged as the fifth pillar of China′s agricultural system,following grains,vegetables,fruits and oils.In recent years,the edible fungi industry has played a significant role in China′s regional economic adjustment,poverty alleviation,and rural revitalization.Additionally,it has also generated a substantial amount of spent mushroom substrate.The effective utilization of spent mushroom substrate was pivotal in realizing a robust circular economy.The study focused on spent mushroom substrate generated during the cultivation process of edible fungi and provided an overview of its current utilization in secondary cultivation,animal feed,organic fertilizer production,etc.,with the aim of offering recommendations for effective recycling.