Abstract: Promoting the green development of agriculture is an urgent need to promote the rural ecological civilization and synchronous development of agricultural modernization in China.The intensity of chemical fertilizer application is an important factor affecting the green development of agriculture.Based on the provincial panel data in China from 2011 to 2020,the complete decomposition model is used to decompose the driving force on the change of chemical fertilizer intensity at the regional level, and panel regression method is used to analyze the influencing factors of fertilizer intensity change, in order to provide reference basis for promoting the reduction of fertilizer production.The results showed that the chemical fertilizer intensity in China increased first and then decreased, showing a decreasing distribution from east to west.In terms of cumulative changes, the decrease of fertilizer intensity in China is mainly driven by efficiency, with a driving rate of 94.48% and structural adjustment driving rate of 5.52%,among them, the adjustment of planting structure in the West drove the increase of fertilizer intensity in China.The impact of economic development on the intensity of chemical fertilizer in China, eastern, central and western regions conformed to the law of ‘inverted U’ curve.Population size, agricultural land management scale, crop planting structure, agricultural technology level and urbanization level had a significant impact on chemical fertilizer intensity, but the influencing factors varied from region to region.