Abstract: Most of the plants in this Ligusticum are traditional Chinese medicinal materials,which have the functions of promoting blood circulation and activating qi,dispelling cold,removing dampness,dispelling wind and relieving pain.However,at present,the studies on Ligusticum are mostly focused on cultivation techniques,the value of medicinal components and so on.Molecular technology research is less and narrow,which leads to the slow progress of further molecular breeding and gene mapping of medicinal components.This study summarized the research progress of genetic diversity,DNA gene identification,functional gene cloning and transcriptome of Ligusticum at home and abroad,analyzed the deficiency of molecular biology research of Ligusticum,and looked forward to the direction that should be paid attention to in the future,in order to provide reference for the molecular biology research of Ligusticum.