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土壤盐碱胁迫程度对番茄生长、离子稳态及ROS清除能力的影响

Effects of Soil Salinity Stress on Tomato Growth, Ion Homeostasis and ROS Scavenging Ability

  • 摘要: 以C2和C5不同抗性番茄种质为试材,采用盆栽土培的方式,设置3个不同胁迫程度盐碱土处理,以当地非盐碱胁迫土壤为对照,研究了不同盐碱胁迫程度对2个番茄品种生长、离子平衡及活性氧(ROS)清除能力的影响差异及其与抗性的关系,以期明确其抗盐碱机制,为进一步全面解析番茄耐盐碱机制和抗盐碱育种提供参考依据。结果表明:盐碱胁迫对番茄表型的生长产生抑制,在生理响应方面,盐碱胁迫破坏了细胞膜完整性,使H2O2含量、超氧阴离子产生速率和丙二醛含量增加,番茄通过提高抗氧化酶活性清除ROS维持植株的正常生理活动适应胁迫环境。盐碱胁迫使番茄过量吸收Na+从而抑制了对K+、Ca2+、Mg2+的吸收,降低K+/Na+、Ca2+/Na+、Mg2+/Na+,影响细胞膜完整性和蛋白的合成;盐碱胁迫下,抗性强的C2品种较抗性弱的C5品种具有较强的降低叶片和根系Na+的吸收、维持离子稳态平衡和较低氧化胁迫内环境的能力,因此生长受抑制程度显著低于C5品种。

     

    Abstract: Taking C2 and C5 tomato germplasm with different resistance as test materials, three saline-alkali treatments with different stress levels were set up by pot culture.The effects of different saline-alkali levels on the growth, ion balance and ROS scavenging capacity of two tomato varieties and their relationship with resistance were studied, in order to clarify their salt-alkali tolerance mechanism and provide reference for further comprehensive analysis of salt-alkali tolerance mechanism and salt-alkali tolerance breeding of tomato.The results showed that saline-alkali stress inhibited the growth of tomato phenotype, and in terms of physiological response, saline-alkali stress perocidated membrane lipids by increasing H2O2 content, superoxide anion production rate and malondialdehyde content, and tomatoes maintained normal physiological activities of plants by increasing antioxidant enzyme activity to clear ROS to adapt to the stress environment.Saline-alkali stress inhibited the absorption of K+,Ca2+,Mg2+,reduced K+/Na+,Ca2+/Na+,Mg2+/Na+,affected cell membrane integrity and protein synthesis by forcing tomatoes to absorb Na+.C5 remove ROS in time to adapt to stress environment by increasing antioxidant enzyme activity by higher magnitude, increase the absorption of Ca2+,K+,Mg2+ ions in the aboveground part, and reduced the ion toxicity caused by excessive absorption of Na+ ions to adapt to the environment.The above results showed that C5 cultivar exhibits more saline resistance than C2 by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity and strong K+/Na+,Ca2+/Na+,Mg2+/Na+ to alleviate osmotic stress and reactive oxygen species damage caused by saline stress.

     

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