Abstract: Taking the panel data of rapeseed production in 17areas from 2000to 2022as the research material,using descriptive statistical analysis,spatial center of gravity analysis and panel data econometric model to study the changing characteristics and influencing factors of China′s rapeseed production layout.The results showed that,1)China′s rapeseed production advantage areas ware mainly concentrated in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River,the Sichuan Basin and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau,and most of the major producing provinces had maintained relatively stable production advantages.2)The focus of planting area and yield all of them had a clear trend of moving to the southwest,and the‘westward expansion’speed was faster than‘southern expansion’.3)The changes in the distribution of rapeseed production in the national production areas were affected by policies,non-agricultural employment opportunities and effective irrigation area.Internally,it was affected by policy,technology,level of road transportation and effective irrigation area.Some suggestions were put forward,strengthen the effectiveness of the policy;take the‘three complete and efficient’model as the starting point to turn the rapeseed industry into a regional pillar industry;strengthen the promotion of new rapeseed technologies and pay attention to the promotion effect;improve the infrastructure construction.