Abstract: Taking the soil samples before and after pesticide spraying in the Lycium fields of three different production areas in Ningxia as the research object, the Illumina sequencing platform to carry out the high throughput sequencing of their macrogenomes to study the impact of pesticides on the soil microbial community in the Lycium fields in Ningxia, in order to provide reference for the ecological environment protection of the Lycium fields and the development and utilization of pesticide degrading bacteria.The results showed that there were 89 phyla, 2 102 genera and 8 337 species identified.Pesticides led to the reduction of Shannon index in different areas as well as the soil microbial community diversity of Lycium chinense L..The pesticides increased the relative abundance of the major phyla of the soil in the phylum Aspergillus, Candidatus Tectomicrobia, as well as the major genera Gaiella, Candidatus entotheonella, Nitrosospira, Euzebya and Nitriliruptor.Besides, it also increased the relative abundance of some pathogenic bacteria genera.Functional predictions of soil microorganisms were mainly involved in 45 sub-functions such as global and loverview maps, carbohydrate metabolismand amino acid metabolism, showing functional richness.In short, the use of pesticide reduced the overall metabolic capacity of soil microorganisms.