Abstract: During the crisp ripening period of Dongzao jujube fruits in solar greenhouse, rain shelter and open field garden, 8 gardens were selected respectively, and a total of 24 fruit samples were collected as test materials.The single fruit weight, fruit shape index, pulp hardness, edible rate, pulp texture, pulp juice, fruit flavor, vitamin C,titratable acid, ratio of titratable acid to soluble solids and soluble solids of each sample were tested, using DPS data processing software, the principal component analysis was carried out on the fruit quality of 24 Dongzao jujube, and the effects of different cultivation modes on fruit quality of Dongzao jujube were studied, in order to provide reference for optimizing facility function, improving management level and maintaining the inherent good quality of Dongzao jujube.The results showed that the four principal components extracted by principal component analysis provided 81.33% information of fruit quality of Dongzao jujube, which could comprehensively reflect its quality attributes; The total score of fruit quality in solar greenhouse was the highest, which was 19.342 6,followed by open garden, which was 2.909 2,and rain shelter, which was-22.252.The comprehensive score intervals of 24 samples were divided into three grade intervals.The distribution frequencies of solar greenhouse samples in the first, second and third grades were 87.5%,12.5% and 0% respectively, that of rain shelter samples were 0%,12.5% and 87.5%,and that of open garden samples were 37.5%,12.5% and 50.0%.Therefore, it could be inferred that solar greenhouse Dongzao jujube fruit quality was the best, followed by open garden and rain shelter again.The reason for the obvious decline of fruit quality in the rain shelter was that the fruit development period was in the high temperature period of the weather.Due to the poor ventilation and cooling function of the facilities, the photosynthetic efficiency of leaves was reduced, and the fruit quality was reduced due to the insufficient accumulation of organic matter.Therefore, it was necessary to improve and upgrade the rain shelter facilities.