Abstract: It′s very important to preserve the diversity of fruit germplasm resources for breeding and production.As one of the origin centers of fruit trees in the world, China has abundant fruit resources and rapid development of the industry.The existing conditions should be used to strengthen the conservation of fruit germplasm resources and lay a good foundation for later breeding.In this study, germplasm resources were mainly used as the basis and raw materials of fruit tree breeding, which could be directly used in the production of cultivars or used as parents in the breeding process.At the same time, three main conservation methods of fruit germplasm resources were introduced, in situ conservation, ex situ conservation and in vitro conservation.The problems of serious loss of germplasm resources, lack of systematic preservation system and imperfect construction of germplasm resource bank were analyzed, and the related development direction and suggestions were put forward.