Abstract: In order to study the effects of bio-organic fertilizers with different Isatidis Radix residue on the yield and fruit quality of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim..Taking Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.as test materials, to observe the different fertilization treatments T1（Isatidis Radix residue）,T2（Isatidis Radix residue+cow dung 1∶3）,T3（Isatidis Radix residue+cow dung 1∶1）,T4（Isatidis Radix residue+0.5% EM compound microbial agent）,T5（compound fertilizer） on fresh fruit weight, dry fruit weight, diameter, peel thickness, dry weight of peel, 1 000-grain seed, yield, total ash content, extract content, flavonoid content, 3,29-DR content of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim..To evaluate the effect of organic fertilizer on yield and fruit quality of Trichosanthis kirilowii Maxim..The results showed that the T4 treatment significantly increased the fresh fruit weight, dry fruit weight, 1 000-grain weight, yield, flavonoid content, and 3,29-DR content of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.compared with control, and the difference was statistically significant（P＜0.05）.For the diameter, peel thickness and dry weight of the peel, there was no significant difference between the four Isatidis Radixresidue treatment groups（P＞0.05）.It was concluded that T4（Isatidis Radix residue+0.5% EM compound microbial agent）was the optimal fertilization treatment.Under this condition,the comprehensive characters of fruit of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.were the best,and the agronomic characters,economic characteristics and quality of fruit of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.were all better.