Abstract: Taking wild Primula maximowiczii potted seedlings as experimental materials, variance analysis and generalized linear model were used to study the physiological and biochemical indicators of Primula maximowiczii leaves, in order to determine the degree of influence of time treatment and calcium spray treatment on various indicators of Primula leaves.The results showed that, 1) under 40 ℃ high temperature stress, relative conductivity and malondialdehyde content in Primula maximowiczii leaves incrementally increased with prolonged stress.The rate of increase was more gradual with calcium spray treatment, notably with the 10 mmol·L^-1 calcium spray, which exhibited the most significant effect.2) Following 4 hours of high temperature stress, SOD and POD activities initially increased, then decreased.These enzyme activities were consistently higher than in the clean water treatment, with the 10 mmol·L^-1 calcium spray demonstrating the greatest impact.3) During the high temperature stress period, soluble protein content decreased, while soluble sugar and free proline content increased.Significantly, leaves treated with calcium spray, particularly the 10 mmol·L^-1 concentration, showed a pronounced increase in osmotic adjustment substances compared to water treatment.Consequently, calcium spray treatment improved various heat resistant physiological and biochemical parameters in Primula maximowiczii leaves, suggesting enhanced heat tolerance in wild Primula maximowiczii.