Abstract: Henan Province is rich in traditional Chinese medicinal materials.Traditional Chinese medicine industry plays an important role in Henan Province.This study investigated traditional Chinese medicine industry in eighteen cities（demonstration area） of Henan Province, and literature review and deduction were carried out.The development status of traditional Chinese medicine agriculture in Henan Province was taken as the breakthrough point.Based on SWOT method, the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine industry in Henan Province were analyzed, including history and culture, traditional Chinese medicine resources, nature and geography, innovation and service platform construction, industrial development and so on, meanwhile traditional Chinese medicine industry in Henan Province faced five significant opportunities.However, the development of traditional Chinese medicine industry in Henan Province still had disadvantages such as destruction of wild resources, lack of standardized management, few leading companies, asymmetry of market information, insufficient primary talents and overall innovation capabilities and faced multiple threats from the difficulties of traditional Chinese medicine innovation, the international market and domestic traditional Chinese medicine provinces.Therefore, based on the actual situation of traditional Chinese medicine materials in Henan Province, strategic countermeasures for improving traditional Chinese medicine industry were proposed from multiple angles in order to provide references for a sustainable development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry in Henan Province.