Abstract: With the continuous progress of society, farmland heavy metal soil pollution is becoming more and more complex.Microbial remediation of heavy metals has the characteristics of high efficiency and simplicity, low promotion cost and no secondary pollution.It has become a research hotspot of soil remediation.This study reviewed the latest research progress of microbial remediation of soil heavy metals from the aspects of single microbial technology, microbial plant combined technology, microbial biochar combined technology and microbial animal combined technology.The future development direction was prospected.It was considered that the remediation mechanism of microorganism and microbial combined technology, the domestication and cultivation of super microorganism, the improvement and innovation of combined technology and the engineering promotion of bacterial remediation were the focus of future research, which could provide ideas and references for the follow-up study of microbial remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil.