Abstract: Under the new situation,the technological innovation and progress triggered by the digital economy has penetrated into all aspects of agricultural production and become an important engine for promoting high-quality agricultural development.Based on the panel data of 30 Chinese provinces（city,autonomous region）from 2009to 2018,this study measured the digital economy and agricultural green total factor productivity（GTFP）of each Chinese province（city,autonomous region）by using the entropy value method and Malmquist-Luenberger index under the SBM distance function,respectively,and on this basis,the impact and mechanism of the digital economy on green total factor productivity in agriculture were empirically examined.The results showed that the development of digital economy had an enhancement effect on agricultural green total factor productivity.In addition,there was a non-linear relationship between digital economy and agricultural green total factor productivity with the threshold of land scale operation,the impact of digital economy on agricultural green total factor productivity showed a positive U-shaped trend of decreasing and then increasing with the increasing degree of land scale operation.