Abstract: Perennial Glehnia littoralis plants from eight different provenances of Shandong Province, Liaoning Province and Inner Mongolia, cultivated heterogeneously under the same environment, were used as test materials.The morphological characteristics, microstructure and chlorophyll content of the leaves of them were determined, and significant difference analysis, systematic cluster analysis, and principal component analysis combined with affiliation function were performed to reveal the adaptability of the leaves phenotypic characteristics of different germplasm sources of G.littoralis.The results showed that the leaf phenotypes of different germplasm resources of G.littoralis had been changed due to long-term artificial selection.And the leaf area and petiole length of the cultivated G.littoralis were significantly larger than those of the wild G.littoralis.The photosynthetic structure and chlorophyll content of the wild germplasm resources were better than those of the cultivated germplasm resources, and had a stronger ability to adapt to the wild environment of strong light, drought, salinity and wind on the beach, which was the result of natural selection.At the squared Euclidean distance of 10,the cluster analysis divided the eight germplasm resources into three groups, with the cultivated germplasm resources Laiyang and Chifeng clustered into one group, the wild germplasm resources Qingrendao, Tianhengdao, Haiyang, Rizhao and Jinshitan clustered into one group, and the wild germplasm Baxiandao clustered into one group alone, with the advantages of photosynthetic structure such as thick leaves and thick leaf flesh tissue.The comprehensive evaluation of the affiliation function showed that the cultivated germplasm Chifeng had the highest comprehensive score of leaf phenotype.