Abstract: Fresh peanut refers to the peanut that is eaten directly after harvest without drying or boiling. It is favored by consumers for its unique flavor and rich nutritional value. However, untreated fresh peanut have high water content,poor storage stability and short shelf life. Therefore, preservation after picking is a practical problem to be solved in the fresh peanut industry. In this paper, the advantage and market prospect of fresh peanuts were analyzed, the nutritional value and storage characteristics of fresh peanuts were summarized, and the present situation, problems and development direction of fresh peanuts after harvest were expounded, which provided theoretical basis for the off-season supply of fresh peanuts.