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不同品种鲜禽蛋常温贮藏过程中的品质变化比较研究

Comparison Study on Quality Changes of Different Species’ Fresh Eggs during Room Temperature Storage

  • 摘要: 以同一生产日期的市售鸡蛋、鸭蛋、鹌鹑蛋及鸽蛋为原料,对常温(22~25℃)贮藏过程中禽蛋的品质指标及其变化率进行测定,比较分析禽蛋品种对其品质变化的影响。结果表明,经过36 d的贮藏,鸡蛋的失重率(4.08%)、蛋清水分含量下降率(5.84%)、蛋清的菌落总数(2×10~3CFU/mL)及其干基蛋白质含量的增加率(5.72%)均低于其他蛋品,而鹌鹑蛋的蛋清干基蛋白质含量增加率(7.21%)高于其他蛋品。鸭蛋蛋黄干基蛋白质含量下降率(11.17%)及其黏稠度的下降率(49.49%)高于其他蛋品,而鸽蛋蛋黄干基蛋白质含量下降率(6.00%)及其黏稠度的下降率(29.70%)低于其他蛋品。鸽蛋的失重率(8.21%)、蛋清菌落总数(6×10~4CFU/mL)高于其他蛋品,且早于其他蛋品出现腐败现象。在常温贮藏下,4种蛋品品质变化排序为:鸽蛋>鸭蛋>鹌鹑蛋>鸡蛋。

     

    Abstract: In this study, the commercially available chicken egg, duck egg, quail egg and pigeon egg of same production date were selected as raw materials, and the quality indicators and change rates stored at normal temperature(22~25 ℃) were determined, aiming to make the comparative analysis of quality changes of different species’ eggs. Results showed that the weight loss rate(4.08%), decreasing rate(5.84%) of egg’s white water content,Colony Forming Unit(CFU) value(2 ×10~3 CFU/mL) and increasing rate(5.72%) of dry basis protein content of chicken egg were all less than that of other species’ eggs after 36 days’ storage, while the increasing rate(7.21%)of dry basis protein content of quail egg was higher than that of other eggs. Besides, the decreasing rates of dry basis protein content(11.17%) and viscosity(49.49%) of duck egg’s yolk were increased compared with that of other eggs, while the decreasing rates of dry basis protein content(6.00%) and viscosity(29.70%) of pigeon egg’s yolk were descended compared with that of other eggs. However, the weight loss rate(8.21%), CFU of egg white(6×10~4 CFU/mL) of pigeon egg were higher than that of other eggs, which was also spoiled earlier than other eggs. It could be seen that under normal temperature storage, the quality changes of four species’ eggs were determined as follows: pigeon egg>duck egg>quail egg>chicken egg.

     

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