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蓝莓原料加工软糖的工艺优化及加工过程中花色苷损失研究

Study on Technological Optimization and Anthocyanin Loss during Processing of Soft Candy Using Blueberry Raw Materials

  • 摘要: 以8倍浓缩蓝莓汁、冻干蓝莓粉为主要原料研制一款软糖,通过正交试验对工艺参数进行优化,并明确了原料中花青素在软糖加工中的主要损失因素。结果表明,软糖最佳配方及制作工艺为:浓缩蓝莓汁与冻干蓝莓粉体积比8∶1,卡拉胶与琼脂质量比5∶4,白砂糖添加量30%,葡萄糖添加量3%,柠檬酸添加量0.15%,熬糖温度80℃。该条件下制得的产品感官评分为90分,总花青素保留率为82.05%,软糖花青素含量高,口感好,色泽均匀,呈橙红色,甜而不腻,具有明显水果风味。研究还发现蓝莓浓缩汁和蓝莓果粉中的天竺葵素和矮牵牛素对高温加工环境十分敏感。熬糖加工温度是影响蓝莓浓缩汁和蓝莓果粉中花青素损失率最主要的因素。

     

    Abstract: A soft candy was developed using eight times concentrated blueberry juice with freeze-dried blueberry powder as main raw materials. The technological parameters were optimized by orthogonal tests, and the main factors of anthocyanin loss in raw materials during processing were determined. The optimal formula suggested the volume ratio between concentrated blueberry juice and freeze-dried blueberry powder was 8 ∶1, the mass ratio of carrageenan to agar was 5∶4 with additions of 30% granulated sugar, 3% glucose, and 0.15% citric acid. Using the optimal formular and a sugar-boiling temperature of 80 ℃, the products achieved sensory scores of 90 points with a total anthocyanins fudge retention rate of 82.05%. The soft candy processed by the optimal technology has high anthocyanin content, good taste with even color showing orange-red, and is sweet but not greasy with obvious fruit flavor. It was also found that geranium and petunia in concentrated blueberry juice and blueberry powder were very sensitive to processing environment at high temperature, which indicated the processing temperature was the most important factor affecting the anthocyanin loss rate of both ingredients.

     

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