Abstract: Three typical chestnuts cultivars including ‘Dabanhong’, ‘Jili 1’ and‘Yanshanzaofeng’grown in Yanshan region were selected as materials, and the aroma components of fruits were detected and analyzed through solid phase microextraction（SPME） and gas chromatograph-mass spectrophotometer（GC-MS）. The results showed that there were sixty-two kinds of compounds were identified in these three cultivars totally including thirty-three kinds from ‘Dabanhong’, thirty-eight from ‘Jili 1’, and thirty-four from ‘Yanshanzaofeng’, respectively,and aldehydes, alcohols and ketones were the main constituents. Besides, there were 10 kinds of identical aroma components, while the aroma types and relative contents showed differences in multiple chestnuts cultivars. Butyl acetate and hexyl acetate were only detected in ‘Dabanhong’, which were not contained in the other two cultivars. Therefore, butyl acetate and hexyl acetate might be the special aroma substances in ‘Dabanhong’. These results would be helpful to further understand the characteristic aroma components and compositions of chestnuts and to provide theoretical guidance for fingerprint study of different chestnuts cultivars.