Abstract: It was a safe, efficient and feasible way to control diseases by antagonizing pathogenic bacteria with microorganisms. Screening and identification of microorganisms on the fruit surface were carried out in order to obtain a biological control strain that can effectively inhibit gray mold. Morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of the biocontrol strain H-1 against Botrytis cinerea were analyzed, and combined with the 16S rDNA sequence analysis and gyrB gene sequence analysis to construct a phylogenetic tree. The antifungal effects of antagonistic H-1 on vitro and pear fruit surface were determined by plate confrontation method combined with fruit wound experiments. H-1strain was identified as Bacillus velezensis. B. velezensis H-1 could significantly inhibit the hyphae growth of Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria tenuissima and Fusarium verticillioides on vitro, among which inhibitory effect on Botrytis cinerida hyphae was the strongest. Fruit wound experiments showed that 1×10¹¹ CFU/mL of B. velezensis H-1 could completely inhibit the growth of Botrymyces on the surface of pear fruit. B. velezensis H-1 could effectively inhibit the occurrence of Botrytis cinerea in postharvest pear fruits.