Abstract: Pollen is the male gametophyte of plant, the nutrient composition is comprehensive and balanced while the active substance content is high, which is an excellent health food raw material. The nutritional composition,health function and fermentation of pollen were summarized in this paper, and the mode and function of solid and liquid fermentation of pollen were emphasized, in order to provide feasible research ideas and scientific basis for deep processing of pollen products and promote the further development of China’s pollen market.