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一氧化氮延缓采后无核白葡萄果串品质劣变的熏蒸浓度筛选

Fumigation Concentration Screening of Nitric Oxide for Delaying Quality Deterioration of Whole Bunches in Postharvest Thompson Seedless Grapes

  • 摘要: 为提高葡萄采后果串的整体贮藏品质,研究了不同浓度一氧化氮(NO)对采后贮藏期间葡萄果梗和果粒品质的影响。以新疆无核白葡萄为试材,采用 11 种浓度的 NO 气体熏蒸处理样品,在(0±0.5)℃,相对湿度 90%±2%的贮藏条件下,通过监测葡萄的表观、理化品质和贮藏特性,获得有效作用浓度。结果表明:适宜浓度的 NO 不仅能显著降低葡萄失重率、落粒率和腐烂率,而且能减缓葡萄果粒硬度、可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量的下降,但延缓果梗褐变的作用因 NO 浓度高低存在较大差异,其中 NO 浓度为 400~600 μL·L-1时抑制效果明显,尤其是 500 μL·L-1,而低于 300 μL·L-1时作用有限,高于 700 μL·L-1时有不同程度的伤害作用。由此得出,适宜浓度的 NO 熏蒸处理保鲜葡萄具有一定的应用前景。

     

    Abstract: In order to improve the overall storage performance of postharvest grape bunches, the effects of differen concentrations of nitric oxide(NO) on the qualities of grape rachises and berries were researched during storage period. In this study, seedless white grapes from Xinjiang were used as the experimental material, and respectively fumigated with 11 different concentrations of NO. Then the effective concentration was identified via monitoring the appearance, physico-chemical properties and storage characteristics under the conditions of (0±0.5) ℃, 90%±2% RH Results showed that appropriate NO concentration could not only significantly reduce the weight loss, berry shatter and decay rates, but also slow down the reduction of grape grain hardness, soluble solids and titratable acid contents.However, the effects on delaying stem browning varied greatly with the NO concentrations, the NO concentrations of400 ~600 μL·L-1presented obvious inhibitory effects, particularly of 500 μL·L-1. The concentrations of less than300 μL·L-1had limited inhibitory effects, and higher than 700 μL·L-1exhibited varying degrees of damage. It could be concluded that NO fumigation with appropriate concentrations was a promising method for grape preservation.

     

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