Abstract: With the continuous development of our society and the continuous improvement of economic level, people are paying more attention to the problems of environmental pollution and food safety. Recently, in response to the discharge incident of Japanese nuclear contaminated water into the ocean, the Chinese government has taken measures such as completely suspending the import of aquatic products from Japan in order to ensure the food safety of the Chinese people. However, the second discharge of nuclear sewage in Japan has triggered widespread concern and concern for food safety. Therefore, this paper studies the food safety problems and countermeasures caused by nuclear sewage discharge in Japan, which provides meaningful reference for the maintenance of food safety in our country.