Abstract: In order to clarify the species of pathogenic microorganisms causing postharvest decay of abiu fruit, the pathogens were isolated from naturally infected abiu during the postharvest storage using traditional tissue isolation method, and Koch’s postulates was used to determine their pathogenicity. The pathogen identification were carried out according to the morphological characterization and phylogenetic tree（ITS and TUB2） analysis. The results showed that five obtained isolates caused similar disease symptoms when re-inoculated to healthy abiu, which indicated their pathogenicity. Five pathogens were identified as Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Neopestalotiopsis rosae,Diaporthe pseudomangiferae, Fusarium proliferatum and Aspergillus aculeatinus. The purpose of the study is to provide a scientific basis for effecive prevention and control of postharvest disease of abiu fruit and extension of the storage time.