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不同乳制品体外消化特性研究

Study on Digestive Characteristics of Different Dairy Products in Vitro

  • 摘要: 为探究不同乳制品在体外消化过程中的消化特性,以消化液中各营养素含量为评价指标,对超高温灭菌乳、酸奶、奶粉、干酪、炼乳和稀奶油6种乳制品进行体外模拟消化试验。结果表明:经口腔、胃、肠模拟消化后,6种乳制品的蛋白质、脂肪、还原糖、总氨基酸、谷氨酸、游离脂肪酸、葡萄糖、钙离子、维生素B2消化程度均逐渐增大。在不同消化阶段,同种乳制品营养素的消化行为有所差异,不同乳制品营养素的消化行为也有差异。最终消化液中干酪的蛋白质、总氨基酸、谷氨酸、游离脂肪酸和钙离子含量在6种制品中均为最高,分别为181.84 mg/mL、153.57μmol/mL、48.63μmol/mL、2 237.03μmol/L和20.44 mmol/L;炼乳的还原糖、葡萄糖、维生素B2含量在6种制品中均居首位,分别为394.23 mg/100 g、601.36 mmol/L和4 411.73μg/100 mL;稀奶油的脂肪含量最高,为32.04 mg/mL。分析6种乳制品最终消化液中的营养素含量,得到消化程度由高到低的排序为:干酪>稀奶油>炼乳>奶粉>超高温灭菌乳>酸奶。

     

    Abstract: In order to investigat the digestive characteristics during in vitro digestion, the in vitro simulated digestion experiments were carried out for six dairy products including ultra high temperature sterilized milk, yogurt, milk powder,cheese, condensed milk and whipping cream, with the contents of nutrients in digestive juice as evaluation indexes.The results showed that after oral, gastric and intestinal simulated digestions, the digestion degree of protein, fat, reducing sugar, total amino acid, glutamic acid, free fatty acid, glucose, calcium ion and vitamin B2 in all the six dairy products gradually increased. Both the digestive behaviors of nutrients in same dairy products and in different dairy products at different digestion stages were different. The contents of protein, total amino acid, glutamic acid, free fatty acid and calcium ion in the final digestive juice of cheese were181.84 mg/mL, 153.57 μmol/mL,48.63 μmol/mL,2 237.03 μmol/L and 20.44 mmol/L, respectively, which were the highest among the six kinds of dairy products. While the contents of reducing sugar, glucose and vitamin B2 in condensed milk were the highest: 394.23 mg/100 g, 601.36 mmol/L and4 411.73 μg/100 mL, respectively. The content of fat in whipping cream was the highest: 32.04 mg/mL. The nutrient content in the final digestive juices of 6 dairy products was analyzed, and the order of digestibility from high to low was as followed: cheese>whipping cream>condensed milk>milk powder>ultra high temperature sterilized milk>yogurt.

     

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