Abstract: In the present study, the contents of 4 nutrients（polysaccharide, mannose, alkaloid and protein） and 2 heavy metal elements（arsenic and cadmium） in the stems and leaves from 10 species of Dendrobium officinale identified by DNA barcode technology were determined, then the qualities were evaluated comprehensively by principal component analysis and the Dendrobium officinale in Longhushan was classified using cluster analysis,aiming to analyze the qualities of Dendrobium officinale. The results showed that the contents of polysaccharide,mannose, alkaloid, and protein in stems/leaves were 35.09%～49.59%/6.88%～14.05%, 16.19%～25.12%/11.10%～16.88%, 0.158‰～0.251‰/0.022‰～0.053‰, and 2.72%～4.38%/12.73%～18.38%, respectively, in the mature Dendrobium officinale. Besides, the highest contents of arsenic and cadmium in both stems and leaves were1.892 mg/kg and 0.234 mg/kg. The nutrient contents of cultivated Dendrobium officinale were higher than that of wild Dendrobium officinale in general, and the leaves exhibited a certain utilization value. Arsenic and cadmium contents in wild and cultivated Dendrobium officinale were not exceeding the standards. The 6 measured components of Dendrobium officinale could be represented using 2 principal components（cumulative variance contribution rate of98.443%）, and the highest comprehensive score of principal component analysis was Mihu. This study would provide a theoretical basis for the utilization and development of Dendrobium officinale in Longhu shan.