Abstract: The changes of volatile aroma components of Guizhou Houttuynia caordate under different pretreatment methods（room temperature and liquid nitrogen temperature） by Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer（ HS-SPME-GC-MS） were comparatively analyzed in this study.Results showed that the Houttuynia caordate pretreated under room temperature and liquid nitrogen temperature presented 22 and 29 kinds of volatile aromas components, respectively. There were 19 kinds of same volatile aromas components, which was identified as 6 major categories including olefins, esters, aldehydes, etc. Olefins and esters showed relatively high contents, and liquid nitrogen treatment presented superior extraction effects on olefins. Aroma composition analysis demonstrated that the main aroma characteristics of Houttuynia cordate were comprised of wooden fragrance represented by bornyl acetate, terpinyl acetate, and pungent fragrance represented by limonene, pinene, as well as the wax and citrus fruit fragrance represented by methyln-nonanone.