Abstract: As an important botanic resource widely distributed in western China, Rhodiola plays an important role in the field of traditional Chinese medicine and food due to its unique physiological activity and pharmacological function. In this review, the anti-aging activity and mechanism of Rhodiola were summarized based on the research papers related to the anti-aging activity of Rhodiola in recent years. Also, the future development trend and the application of Rhodiola were prospected, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the anti-aging related research of Rhodiola.