Abstract: A total of 90 patients with thyroid nodules admitted to People’s Hospital of Xiangzhou District in Zhuhai city were randomly divided into the fine needle aspiration biopsy group（FB group） and the ultrasonography guided fine needle aspiration biopsy group（UF group）, with 45 patients in each group. The diagnostic value of ultrasonography guided fine needle aspiration for uncertain thyroid nodules was studied by the differences in the diagnostic results, type detection, diagnostic value and morphological characteristics between the FB group and UF group.The results of the FB group were compared with the results of histopathological diagnosis, histopathological diagnosis of thyroid type, and histopathological diagnosis of pathological grading, there were significant differences（P＜0.05）. The results of the UF group were compared with the results of pathological diagnosis, the histopathological diagnosis of thyroid type and the pathological diagnosis of the pathological grade, and the data were similar with no difference（P＞0.05）.The specificity and accuracy of the UF group were higher than those of the FB group（P＜0.05）. There was no significant difference in the sensitivity between the UF group and the FB group for the diagnosis of thyroid nodules（P＞0.05）. Ultrasonography guidedfine needle aspiration is more accurate than simple needle aspiration. Ultrasonography has an auxiliary effect on fine needle aspiration.