Abstract: In order to solve the problems of low operating efficiency and uncontrollable targeted deposition rate of target plants, theoretical analysis, computer simulation and bench experiment were adopted to systematically study the influence of spray parameters on droplet deposition effect based on the analysis of the principle of ESI. The effects of spray water pressure, electrostatic current, test time and droplet size on target deposition were analyzed, and the test results were evaluated and optimized.The results showed that when the deposition effect was given priority to, the spray water pressure was 0.50 MPa, and the electrostatic current was 15 μA, the performance was the best, which had a guiding significance for improving the deposition rate and operating efficiency of the electrostatic spray.